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Deep Dive into LLMs like ChatGPT

Andrej Karpathy's three-hour-plus general-audience deep dive into how ChatGPT-style LLMs are built, covering the full training stack from pretraining to post-training. It also gives mental models for their quirks, like hallucination, and how to use them well.

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Why HN readers recommended it

HN's most frequent recommendation for a clear, approachable foundation in how LLMs work without heavy math.

This is a summary from the source dataset, not an endorsement by Hacker News or the video creator.

Video & recommendation details

Creator / channel
Andrej Karpathy
Topic
large language models
Format
lecture
Level
intro
HN recommenders in dataset
10
HN mentions in dataset
18
Recommendation years in dataset
2025–2026

These counts and years describe the included Hacker News records; they are not YouTube views or the video’s publication date.

From the original HN conversations

Excerpts from the recorded comments. Follow each source for the full comment and surrounding discussion.

  • I think you'll get a lot of use from this video from Andrej Karpathy: [VIDEO] It is long, but don't get scared off. He goes over a ton of different stuff related to model training, but makes it very easy to understand.

    InvidFlower on Hacker News · 2025-03
    In Ladder: Self-improving LLMs through recursive problem decomposition

  • Depending on how much time you have, the first thing I would recommend is to watch Karpathy's 'deep dive into LLMs' video ( [VIDEO] ). It is 3.5 hours but it will give you so much instinctive understanding of how these things work and will …

    GodelNumbering on Hacker News · 2025-04
    In Show HN: I made a free tool that analyzes SEC filings and posts detailed reports

  • Since you're posting here, you're looking for the shortcut. The shortcut is Karpathy's "Let's Build GPT: from scratch, in code, spelled out" video: [LINK] Then there is a good video that dives into LLMs and how they work that is quite approachable: [VIDEO] From there, …

    runjake on Hacker News · 2025-10
    In Ask HN: Build Your Own LLM?

Summaries, classifications and recommendation records are from the HackerTube source dataset. Read about this library and its limitations.

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